History of western oil painting

The development of painting through the classical, modern, modern several times and in different times during the painting art of thinking is being affected by control and constraint techniques, showing a different aspect.

Conditions of the early history of oil development has laid a classical realist painting tendencies. 15th century European Renaissance, the humanist thought out criticism of religion, with attention to the positive requirements of social reality, and many famous artists in order to gradually get rid of a single creative theme of the Christian classic, beginning when the characters life , landscape, painted items, and direct observation, so that works with religious themes with a clear and present secular factors, some artists depict real life completely real. Renaissance painters inherited Greek and Roman art the idea that not only focus on work to describe an event or fact, but also to reveal the causes and effects of events or facts, so pay attention to the idea of forming a typical image of a typical plot and the art of shaping the way . At the same time, artists were also exploring anatomy, perspective drawing of the use of science in the picture the role of light and shade, forming the shape of scientific principles. The use of human anatomy so that character has been painting as accurate as the ratio of the real, physical, structural; Focus Lens with the establishment of the composition formed by painting the illusion of deep space, painting in the landscape orientation and the reality of the moment the same visual experience; shading painted the unity of the images sent in one of the main light source, formed by the clear level of near and far. Art theme of humanism and the pursuit of realistic painting style concepts in other species it is not perfect, because the tool material constraints, and painting tools and materials are suitable for the performance of two fully reflected. Thus, classical oil painting after a long-term production, highly realistic look.

Classical oil painting oil painting is the language in the overall factors were the result of the integrated use of the time, but different countries and different periods of the artist on the basis of a special focus on one or several factors, the formation of a different style. Italian Renaissance painter pay more attention to the use of shading, dark objects in a painting of the Ministry of shrouded in shadow, light and dark boundary line was a soft transition, creating a focused and unaware of the effect of the screen. L. da Vinci’s “Madonna of the Rocks” is representative of this style. Netherlands the same period a clear portrait of the artist is all detail objects in a painting, the scene rather than the difference between light and dark color of the transition, R. Campion’s clover altar painting “Annunciation” to detail all the indoor and outdoor show features. Italy, Titian was the first one special focus on oil painting color performance artist, he painted on a dark base, and often close to the brightness, hue, the bright colors slightly different form magnificent golden hue, transparent pigments multiple cascade, suddenly suddenly thin thick strokes, but also the fusion of organic colors and shapes, creating a textured effect.

17th century European classical paintings of the period of rapid development in different regions, the country’s artists live in a society based on their background, national temperament, the painting carried out in different languages to explore the deep, the type of oil paintings by subject matter into historical painting, religion story of painting, group portraits, personal portraits, landscapes, still lifes, genre painting and so on. Painting techniques are also becoming more abundant, and formed a national, regional school of thought.

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The schools of oil painting

The schools of oil painting can be divided into two categories. The first are those innovative works that focus on reflecting things objectively; The second are those innnovative works that focus on reflecting things subjectively.(see modern oil paintings)

Among those works of first category,which appeared after the Renaissance such as Baroque, Rococo, classic, college, romanticism, realism, realism, photographic realism, impressionism. All these are based on reflecting the nature so that those paintings can express diffierent thoughts and purposes of artists.

Baroque school – It’s popular in the 17^th and 18th century.The original meaning of “Baroque” is irregular, twisted, eerie.One character of this school is to advocate the distortion of movement, the plump and the strong feeling of body.The representative artist of Baroque is Rubens.
Rococo – The original meaning of ” Rococo ” refers to the shape of shells, Its artistic styles are complicated, delicate, thin, sweet and this style is popular in the 18th century, The representative painters of Rococo are Huaduo and FuLangsuo • Buu o.

The Classic and College school – The Classic is based on respecting the principle of ancient Greece, Rome, In the composition, The painting is balanced, solemn, splendid, noble in the atomosphere.The technique of this school is efficient and its painting is deep, which is also the principle of College. As the founder of College school:Fa Qinuo saying: “Beauty is the highest goal of all arts, it is an objective nature of things and it’s organized by the order, harmony, proportion, and rules.” Its representative artist are Raphael, Ingres, etc.

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The protecting skills of oil painting

One painting’s color can be unchangble for several hundred years if it can be properly preserved,On the contrary,Its color layer may occur to cracking, lossing and discoloration. So what can we do to protect your painting from damage?
First, you can draw two layers of natural beeswax in the back of canvas. The beeswax should have been dissolved in turpentine before this step,By doing so we can completely prevent the damage caused by immersion of humid air. (see oil painting landscape)
Second, oil painting should avoid long-term direct sunlight. Because the ultraviolet rays will cause great damage and color fadings and discoloration to the painting.
Third, storage house to deposite oil painting should pay attention to ventilation and humidity prevention,The house should be far away from the bathroom and the kitchen as far as possible. And we should pay attention to protect the dust and damage to canvas caused by lampblack,While the room should be kept in a certain temperature and humidity. Those wet paintings must be dried slowly and we can never put them under the sunlight,or their pictures will be easy to be expose,

Forth, It is forbidden for us to stick two pictures side to side. And we should avoid the picture become worse due to the temperature increases,which will result in the loss of oil paint and damage of picture.
Fifth,When we roll the oil painting, we should make its canva toward inside and its picture toward outside. Then we use a layer of paper roll the painting and wrap it with plastic cloth in order to prevent paint cracking.

Sixth, oil painting hanging on the wall can be gently cleaned with a damp cloth if it is full of dust. If the oil surface has smoke,we can use a little soap to gently scrub, then we use the sponge to dry the screen quickly and finally use shouting fans to blow painting surface gently. If you meet the oil painting that has history of many years and some chaps, we must use less water and dry some parts of picture. If we will use professional glazing oil to maintain the painting,we should use the clean cloth to dry the picture before doing that.
Seventh,In general,oil painting can be saved for two or three hundred years, but over past many years, some oil paintings may have chaps in the upcoming decades. If your collections are so much that you can wrap them with plastic cloth and put them into the wooden box so as to prevent the previous flaws.

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Claude Monet

Birth name     Oscar Claude Monet
Born     14 November 1840(1840-11-14)
Paris, France
Died     5 December 1926 (aged 86)
Giverny, France
Nationality     French
Field     Painter
Movement     Impressionism
Works     Impression, Sunrise
Rouen Cathedral series
London Parliament series
Water Lilies
Haystacks
Poplars
Patrons     Gustave Caillebotte, Ernest Hoschedé, Georges Clemenceau
Influenced by     Eugène Boudin, Johan Jongkind, Gustave Courbet

Claude Monet (French pronunciation: [klod mɔnɛ]), born Oscar Claude Monet (14 November 1840 – 5 December 1926), was a founder of French impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement’s philosophy of expressing one’s perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting.The term Impressionism is derived from the title of his painting Impression, Sunrise (Impression, soleil levant).

Early life

Claude Monet was born on 14 November 1840 on the 5th floor of 45 rue Laffitte, in the 9th arrondissement of Paris.[3] He was the second son of Claude Adolphe Monet and Louise Justine Aubrée Monet, both of them second-generation Parisians. On 20 May 1841, he was baptized in the local parish church, Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, as Oscar-Claude, but his parents called him simply Oscar. In 1845, his family moved to Le Havre in Normandy. His father wanted him to go into the family grocery business, but Monet wanted to become an artist. His mother was a singer.

On the first of April 1851, Monet entered Le Havre secondary school of the arts. Locals knew him well for his charcoal caricatures, which he would sell for ten to twenty francs. Monet also undertook his first drawing lessons from Jacques-François Ochard, a former student of Jacques-Louis David. On the beaches of Normandy in about 1856/1857, he met fellow artist Eugène Boudin, who became his mentor and taught him to use oil paints. Boudin taught Monet “en plein air” (outdoor) techniques for painting. Both received the influence of Johan Barthold Jongkind.

On 28 January 1857, his mother died. At the age of sixteen, he left school and went to live with his widowed childless aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre.

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Origin

 Oil painting was originated in Europe 600 years ago,it was invented by the Dutch around the 15th century. The predecessor of oil painting was egg tempera painting before the 15th century.Drawing the painting by using the paints that was reconciled with linseed oil in the treated fabric or wood, because the oil painting does not change color and diffienent colors in the painting will not become dirty when the painting has been dry, So that the painter is able to draw the rich and vivid colors. In addition,owing to the oil paints is opaque and easy to be covered so that painters can produce paintings that has three-dimensional effect from deep to shallow and piece by piece in the picture.
Oil painting was originated in the religious services and is an important part of religious activities. It has become the main manners for paintings in the history of Western painting, Now most of paintings are oil paintings among Western paintings and most murals are created by using oil paints. Oil painting has become a daily art with the development of times, One of the most famous art is the 《Mona Lisa》，which describes an ordinary woman and it is widely known to everyone. Thanks to technological advancement in the late 19th century,many new materials have been used in the fields of oil painting, such as acrylic paint and paints.